Ethics and Laws

We will take notes on Broadcast Journalism Law/Ethics

1. What are the 5 freedoms of the 1st amendment?
Speech, Press, Religion, Assembly, Petition

2. What is the Tinker Standard?
Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not disrupt classwork or involve substantial disorder. First court case in favor of student rights. (Tinker vs. Des Moines School District; 1969)

3. What is the Fraser Standard?
Because school officials have an "Interest in teaching students the boundries of socially appropriate behavior," they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it doesn't cause a disruption. (Bethel School District vs. Fraser; 1986)

4. What is the Hazelwood Standard?
Censorship of school sponsered student expression is permissable when school officials can show that it is "reasonable related to legitimate pedagogical(teaching) concerns." (Hazelwood School District vs. Kuhlmeier; 1988)

5. What is the Frederick Standard?
Frederick, senior in highschool, suspended banner saying "Bong hits for Jesus", off of school property at the torch ceremony for 2002 Olympics (Utah). He was suspended for ten days. They were let out of school on a "fieldtrip" so technically he was off school grounds but still part of school, therefore ruled in favor of school. (Morse (Principal) vs. Frederick; 2007)

6. What is the definition of libel?
Cannot falsely accuse anyone of crimes. It cannot be defamatory, or hurt their reputation with false accusations (generally printed.) Slander is the same but generally spoken. It must be printed or spoken to another.